Ethical rights

Normally this cheating would not affect her but in this chemistry class the teacher grades on a curve. If the kids do well on the test because of cheating the curve would not be In the favor of the other kids and Francesca. Francesca Is debating If she should let it go or tell the teacher. If Francesca uses the utility test it would be ethical for her to tell the teacher that her friends were cheating on the mid-term so the curve is not effected. With Francesca telling the teacher is would be maximizing the good for her.Her friends that are cheating on the mid-term would the effect Francesca because then If she falls this test she would be catch up the semester. With the semester almost ever she wouldn't have the time to safe her grade from a bad test score. With the failing of the test it could set her up to fail the class. Without telling, it would not be maximizing the good for her on the test; the chances of her getting a good grade goes down a lot because of her friends cheating . By telling the teacher it would put her in a chance to better asses how much she knows of what she has been learning.With the test not showing her true ability In the class, and the teacher would not see what type of student she really This Is why It would be better for her to tell her teacher about her friends that were cheating. By Francesca also telling the teacher it would maximize the good for the class. Without the cheaters setting the curve at a crazy high it give them a fair chance to get a good grade, unlike the students who really studied will get a bad one. With the cheaters getting away with it would put the class In an unfair disadvantage.The class would then see that would have to study way more then they have to when they truly did not. This effect would effect all of the other students classes. By them spending more time to study for this class and not the others, to make up for this bad grade, they might get behind in there other classes. This all leads to unneede d stress on the students where they stress enough about school, sports and other extra circular activeness. This is how by her telling would maximize the good for the class as students. Another reason why It would be better for her to tell the teacher Is that It would help the teacher.With the classing doing badly on the test is would reflect badly on the teacher. The teacher would think that he is not teaching the students the right material and there not getting it. With the teacher not really knowing why the students did bad he would have to feel that he needs to explain more about what ex.'s teaching. While compared to if he knew there was the cheaters he would get a true assent of where his students are In the class, and see what they need more help label the teacher as one you can easily cheat with for other future students.That is why by Francesca telling the teacher it would benefit him. The cheating doesn't does not Just affect the class if Francesca does not tell if really affects the school. If the student are cheating in this class what to say this is the only class they are doing it in. This could be Just one of the five classes they are cheating in. If Francesca tell the teacher, he will tell the school know. The school will then take the actions that are need to make sure these wont happen again with these students.Other teacher that have these students in there class will be notified to make sure there not cheating in there class also. With the school stopping the cheating it could be saving the reputation of the school. Cheating is a big deal for schools, they would take the approbate actions in punishments to make it clear to the cheating students that if they are caught again cheating the consequences would be far more severe next time. The harm that could from the students cheating could effect way more then the teacher and school now, but there own Jobs and society in the future.This introduction to chemistry could Just the start for these students where other classes just get harder and harder. They would be more likely to cheat in the classes to come if they got away with it the first time. The cheating would help the students get jobs they do not deserve What if one of the student wanted to be a experimental biological chemist in the future, and he got away with all of his years in school cheating and not really learning the materiel he was taught. Then in society he makes a horrible go wrong and the effect that would have would be far greater then the present time in college.That is why with Francesca telling the teacher now it would possibly have less repercussions later. Some people would say that it is better for Francesca not to tell that her friends where cheating. Her friends know that they saw that she had seen them cheating on the mid-term. With her telling the teacher could lose those friends and also create far more drama outside of class. They all dorm together and her friends will be mad at her that s he told and whatever there punishment would be, failing the mid-term ND on watch by the school, they would blame her for it.This could cause more harm for Francesca then good for all the other people affected. They could also say that if she really was studying and not waiting till the last minute she wont have to worry about what grade they get on the test. It could also effect there standing with the school, she does not know if this is there first warning and they might get a more severe consequence this time. All of these reasons are wrong because the affects that would have on the few student could not out way the affects that it could possibly have on the everyone else.That is why Francesca is ethical by telling the teacher according to the utility test. The effect that the cheating students would have on the Francesca, the class, teacher, school and society in the future is far greater. It was the choice if the students to go out instead of studying was there own fault. They knew the consequence of cheating and they still decided to go ahead with it, it not Francesca fault that she wanted to have a fair chance on the test like all the other students. That is why is would be better that Francesca tells that she saw the other students cheating when the

A Good Leader: Odysseus and Gilgamesh

Strength, determination and dedication are a few examples of characteristics, which a leader should possess. Characteristics of a good leader may vary in the eye of the beholder, however, I believe that overall there are a few qualities that are critically important. Throughout a person’s life, the experiences they endure shape them and build them into an individual. Like the lugals in Mesopotamia, it is a leaders obligation to protect and serve. In the Mycenaean civilization the Wanax stood at the top of their social ladder.In the Odyssey, Odysseus would be a Wanax because he owned an independent walled kingdom or palace. Both Odysseus and Gilgamesh were looked up to as leaders. When asked if they were successful leaders, I was a bit stuck. After some thought, though, I came to the conclusion that I believe both Odysseus and Gilgamesh were successful leaders. They were not always successful leaders, but their adventures and experiences molded them into reliable men. Our first glance of Odysseus is when Telemakhos speaks of him to Athena. (Odyssey 8-9).He explains that he would rather have a father who is happy and growing old in his house rather than one with a mysterious and dangerous life. This is the first example of why I believe Odysseus started out as a bad leader. Although he was off fighting, against his wishes, he lost contact with the people he cared about the most, and fell off the radar. I believe that, as a leader, he should have been able to somehow get into contact with his family and inform them that he was okay. When comparing our first impression of Gilgamesh to Odysseus, we see someone who is extremely different.Odysseus had a loving family and a loyal wife. In contrast, Gilgamesh was selfish and achieved the glory he thought he deserved. He was on the hunt for immortality and in doing so, abandoned his city or Uruk to travel with his friend Enkidu. A successful leader should never abandon his or her people. One example that contrasts Odysseus’ quality of leadership can be seen by looking at his crew. None of his members survived. A successful leader should always lead, protect and receive respect from their crew and in many ways the members of his crew were disobedient.When Odysseus and his crew traveled to the island of Helios he distinctively said to his men not to touch the cattle (Odyssey 219-220). When Odysseus fell into a sleep, Eurylokhos, Odysseus’ main member of the crew, convinced the men to kill one of the cattle for food (Odyssey 221). Disobedience shows disrespect, and when the members of your crew do not listen to what you say it shows that they do not take you seriously. A second example showing how Odysseus could not control his crew is the bag of wind (Odyssey 166).I believe that if you are a successful leader, you should be able to control all of your people, namely your crew. Although Gilgamesh does not have a crew, he proves that he lacks the characteristics of a good leader in a few instances. Gilgamesh and Enkidu steal trees from the cedar forest, which is forbidden to mortals. This is prime example of how Gilgamesh does not care about anyone else but himself. He is disrespecting the Gods by entering the forest and going even further by cutting down the trees.During this endeavor they also kill Huwawa, the monster that guards the forest. At first Gilgamesh flees when he first sees the face of Huwawa (Gilgamesh 26). Gilgamesh fleeing from the face of the demon shows that he was afraid, and no leader should ever be afraid and show it. Another example of Gilgamesh lacking the qualities of a leader is when he kills the Bull of Heaven. The goddess Ishtar was in love with Gilgamesh and wanted to be with him; when she asks him to be her husband he rejects her and she goes straight to her father and mother, Anu and Antum (Gilgamesh 29-32).Ishtar has her father send the Bull of Heaven down to kill Gilgamesh, however Enkidu and Gilgamesh conquer the Bull of Heave n and kill it. The council of Gods were enraged and demand that Enkidu must die in order to pay for the deaths of both Huwawa and the Bull (Gilgamesh 37-38). Betraying the Gods enough for them to wish death upon Enkidu shows that Gilgamesh was certainly not being a respectful mortal, let alone leader. Odysseus was a very sneaky and cunning man. He was able to defeat many monsters by out-smarting them.This was not always the best way to go about achieving victory. Odysseus came upon the Kyklops while on his journey with his crew. They were stuck in his cave, and he thought of a sneaky plan to get away. Odysseus and his crew took a large pole and poked the Kyklops in the eye. Right before they did this, however, Odysseus told the Kyklops that his name was Nohbdy. When the kyklops ran out of his cave bellowing in pain his fellow Kyklops’ asked who did this to him. â€Å"Nohbdy, Nohbdy’s tricked me, Nohbdys’s ruined me† (Odyssey 157) was the Kyklops’ r eply.This was extremely smart and cunning, and Odysseus would have been able to get away safe and sound. The unfortunate part occurred when Odysseus decides to brag his victory and announce his real name to the Kyklops. A leader should not feel the need to brag about victories that he or she has earned. Every leader knows that they are capable of defeat, and bragging is never something that a successful leader should do. As you can see there are several examples proving that Gilgamesh and Odysseus were not successful leaders from the start and throughout their journeys.The realization comes at the end of both novels where I believe the leaders made a change in their path for the better. When Odysseus and Telemakhos meet up they know that they must now defeat the suitors and gain the palace back as their own. Odysseus was disguised as a beggar so that he was able to go into the palace and get ready for the defeat of the suitors. You could already tell that he was starting to change w hen one of the suitors insulted him on being a beggar, and not being worthy. Normally Odysseus might have revealed whom he really was in order to prove his excellence, however he did not seem phased by it.From there Telemakhos and Odysseus defeated all of the suitors and claimed that palace, as it should be. Odysseus was back where he belonged, and ready to rule his people like he should have been doing from the start. Gilgamesh on the other hand was searching not for his way home, but for immortality. After Gilgamesh’s long journey he comes to the realization that death is inevitable. He learned from his talk with Utnapishtim that immortality cannot be earned when you are trying to get it. In his case, Utnapishtim was not looking for immortality when he built that ark.He was building the ark because he was told to and immortality was awarded to him as a reward. Death is something that cannot be avoided, and that he should just learn to accept that. Gilgamesh then finally rea lized what he had done to his people. Because he was so wrapped up in the glory, fame, and immortality he was trying to reach he gave up on something that was a part of him. Gilgamesh knew at that moment that he needed to travel back to Uruk and rule his people the way that they deserved to be ruled. In my opinion I believe that the end of both men’s journeys is the most important part.Yes, they were definitely not successful leaders for most of the story however the realizations at the end meant the most. When they realized that they let their people down they knew they needed to change. It shows that they will be there for them from now on, and be the best leaders they can be. I also believe that with the obstacles they over came along the way lessons were learned. Every champion athlete has to over come bad competitions, injuries, and bumps in the road in order for them to be at the top of the podium, and a successful leader has to do the exact same thing.

Elasticity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Elasticity - Essay Example The essay explains the three elements of elasticity and their respective implication on the organisations. By elaborating on the different needs of elasticity the essays proposes to identify the implications of the concepts on the organisations. Furthermore, with the use of examples, the paper intends to illustrate the different concepts that are related with the practical implications of the same on the organisational backdrop. The ‘price elasticity of demand’ is defined as â€Å"is the ratio of the percentage change in the quantity demanded of a commodity to a percentage change in price† (Jain, & Ohri, 2010). Price is one of the most important factors that determine the amount of goods that is likely to be demanded by the consumers. The change in price of a product has a direct impact on the overall demand of a consumer. This measure of elasticity helps in identifying the sensitivity of consumers based on their individual needs of demanding a particular product as per the change in price. The price elastic goods are often noted to be having a huge shift in the quantity demanded based on a slight shift in the price of the product. It is noted that determination of price of a commodity in the economy is quite significant (Hirschey, 2008). Price elasticity is the most common type of elasticity of demand and is measured in terms of the reaction that a product has towards change in price. T he following equation helps in determining the measure of price elasticity of demand. The above equation illustrate that the price elasticity of demand helps in measuring the sensitivity of a product towards percentage change in quantity demanded based on price. The same could be justified using graphical representation. The graph depicts that at A the price of the commodity is denoted by P whereas the demand of the commodity is denoted as Q. Notably, with the fall in the price of commodity from P to P1 the quantity of the commodity

Identify women's role in any field of study related to MSE (Math, Essay

Identify women's role in any field of study related to MSE (Math, Science, and Engineering) in a selected country during a speci - Essay Example Ironically enough, there is no evidence in Quran and Sunnah that supports this absurd theory. In fact, Islam was one of the first religions to grant voting rights to women. One cannot ignore the fact that women are treated harshly in Middle East due to the egoistic and hostile attitudes of man. This is completely frustrating since Islam appreciates the beauty of women. Women are obligated to cover themselves in order to protect their chastity, which is no doubt essential even to women. However, men are considered to be a superior sex, and much abuse is embedded in society unfortunately. Women at times are forced to marry within cultures in arranged marriages. Although that is not the case in every situation, it is a common issue that plagues the society. Furthermore, women are limited towards education, wealth and power. The women’s inferiority has no doubt been the focal point in all the statutory laws in Middle East. Ironically enough, Islamic history shows that Khadija, the first wife of Muhammad, was an entrepreneur herself. She singlehandedly took over her father’s business interests in order to preserve the family fortune. Merchants would come from near and far because they heard of her fair business conduct. Her intelligence and grace also brought along many marriage proposals. It was actually through business that she met Mohammed and they got married. Nonetheless, it is nothing but ignorance towards the distinction between religion and the thirst for power. Hence, the lack of development of women progressing is clearly lacking. Women at times are forced to marry within a certain culture, race, and even nationality, for example arranged marriages. Although that is not the case in every situation, it is a common issue that sickens the society. In verse number nineteen of Surah four, Allah says â€Å"O ye who believe! Ye are forbidden to inherit women against their will. Nor should ye treat them with harshness, that ye may take away part of the dower ye have given them, except where they have been guilty of open lewdness; on the contrary live with them on a footing of kindness and equity. If ye take a dislike to them it may be that ye dislike a thing, and Allah brings about through it a great deal of good.† It is clearly stated that Muslim men cannot marry Muslim women against their will, meaning a Muslim woman cannot be forced to marry someone just because the two have been arranged. The verse also states that a Muslim man must not treat Muslim women with harshness Saudi academics and scholars have raised concerns regarding the system of public education. Moreover, they have questioned the educational performance of the Ministry during the past decades in regards to the curriculum, which is inadequate for the education of females.   Given these conditions, women have always lacked in secular education in Saudi Arabia. A fine line has to be established between religion and culture that is dominated by the egoi stic male society. Since women cannot attend education, Saudi women in the past decades have been behind. Most women are unable to read and challenge their analytical skills at a higher level. The lingering social norms that plague the existing in the system has undoubtedly have limited the potential of women to excel in this society. Mona AlMunajjed, Senior Advisor at Booz & Company, Ideation Centre, explains this lack of developme

Holocaust Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Holocaust - Literature review Example Adolf Hitler’s role in the Holocaust thus was of absolute measure and his doings led to a changing in the entire world and affected many parts like the Middle East as well. ("Adolf Hitler.") Adolf Hitler, also known as the Fuhrer, was the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party and soon went on to become the German Chancellor in the year 1933. He played a very vital role in establishing and taking further the rule of fascism in Europe and has played a very significant role in the Second World War. The Beer Hall Putsch came to be known as the failed coup d’etat that Hitler had attempted which led to him being imprisoned for a short term during which he wrote his biography titled Mein Kampf which has come to be known as one of the most widely read books of today. It contains some of the most monstrous and heinous ideas with respect to cruelty subjected towards mankind. There have been certain accounts of Hitler in his previous days where he has been kind tow ards Jews, thus this animosity towards the Jewish people probably began much later in his life. He used to interact with the common people, mostly Jews and try and make a living before he had become a part of the army and the political party of Germany. He became an anti-Semitic during his time in Vienna and this group of anti-Semitics had a vast number of Jews as well. Many even say that he was influenced deeply by Martin Luther’s book, ‘On The Jews and Their Lies.’ This did indeed make a great impact on the religious and political associations of Germany at the time. (Toland, John) In the First World War, Hitler fought in a number of major battles and had come to be known as a very brave and undefeated soldier. He was a creative man and devoted a lot of his time to his art and cartoon making. Soon after entering into politics, he tried to push his stance in the country with respect to fascism as he tried to take over what is known as the Beer Hall Pustch. Hitle r’s modus operandi, titled Mein Kampf was earlier titled ‘Four and a half years of Struggle Against Lies, Stupidity and Cowardice.’ He did not have much regard for people that were below him as more and more power came to attach itself to him. As soon as he became the Chancellor of Germany, he tried to foil all the plans of his opponents that wanted to come to power because he wanted to maintain a dictatorship in all of the land. In 1934, he said to a correspondent, â€Å"At the risk of appearing to talk nonsense I tell you that the Nazi movement will go on for 1,000 years! ... Don't forget how people laughed at me 15 years ago when I declared that one day I would govern Germany. They laugh now, just as foolishly, when I declare that I shall remain in power!†( "Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler."  ) The Holocaust was one of the most evil implemented ideas of Hitler; it was commonly known as the killing of the Jews. During the Second World War, Hitler ordered th e construction of concentration camps by the Nazis, commonly known as Auschwitz, in which approximately six million Jews were tortured and killed. Other people like homosexuals, Soviet prisoners, Polish people, disabled people, and other political and religious opponents were killed mercilessly which led to the total count being almost seventeen million people. (Adolf Hitler Biography.) The prisoners in these camps were also sent to extermination camps and

Quantative critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Quantative critique - Essay Example The population sample is defined clearly from the title for multiple sclerosis patients. However, the length of the title is inappropriate; also, this study does not contain an abstract. The two researchers (Yeliz and Nuran) are both professors. Both work with the nursing department of the health science department from Hacettepe University in Ankara, Turkey. This is enough evidence that they are both qualified as researchers as they come from reputable companies. The department of nursing from Hacettepe University is a well-established institution, and by them, researchers, associated with the nursing department in the faculty of health sciences, is a good explanation of the their qualification to undertake a research on nursing (Figved, et. al, 2007). The problem is indicated where the research paper indicates that the sufferers of multiple sclerosis have high co-morbidity, which relates to poor life quality and the high costs in health care. As a result, such patients cannot acces s the optimal homecare, and there is no any model for nurse-based home visiting. The problem stated has the significance in that it introduces the reader to the purposes and aims of the research study. As a result of the existence of the above problem, the study aims at determining the effects of the nursing interventions based on NANDA in order to determine the effects of home-based nursing interventions on issues that relate with Quality of Life (QOL) among patients with multiple sclerosis. The research variables are the intervention and control groups in the study sample. The participants in the intervention groups were 21, and those in the control group were 24 making a total of 45 participants (Carton, et. al., 2004). The hypothesis has been stated clearly whereby the author says that patients with MS live with their families, and they need homecare services just like other people with other diseases, which are chronic. This hypothesis acts as a basis in which the research focu ses on, seeking for the effectiveness of home-based nursing interventions. This natural flow from the theoretical framework and the research problem (whereby because of the problem of inappropriate home-based model, the patients live with their families where the homecare services) are inefficient. This provides the theoretical framework of the research in that when people suffering from multiple sclerosis lack sufficient home-based care, the effects can be chronic, and there should be an appropriate model, which aims at handling the resulting problems. The hypothesis contains two variables that are investigated; intervention and effectiveness of the homecare based nursing. These are clearly and objectively worded whereby from just the mention of the hypothesis, because of living with their families, the homecare based might be challenging since they require health professionals to administer the services. Through this, a reader can evaluate the effectiveness of the homecare-based n ursing (Karantay, 2002). This research used the pretest-posttest experimental group design where patients from the control group received the interventions from standard care that has to be given to patients with multiple sclerosis; the participants in the intervention group received the nurse-based home-visiting care. The appropriateness of the design to the research question is well defined, where due to the purpose of the research of establishing the effectiveness

Human Resources Planning in Mergers and Acquisitions Term Paper

Human Resources Planning in Mergers and Acquisitions - Term Paper Example This project deals with the role of the human resources in cases of merger and acquisitions. Introduction Mergers and Acquisitions lead the way for enormous growth but it is not possible without having a competent Human Resources team which plays a critical role in making or breaking the M&A. Many businesses do not consider the human resources aspect as important to the M&A strategy but research shows that the biggest problems incurred when making a M&A transition are increased attrition, poor communication, key employees giving up their job, adjustment problems to new method implemented and cultural incompatibility. Though Mergers and acquisitions aim at the growth of the organizations but in reality, these are extremely difficult corporate practices in the sense that the expected synergy is often not achieved and follows a complex and exhaustive process of strategy implementation. The reasons behind a merger may vary for different cases, so the Human Resource involved should make a good assessment of the M&A process about the objectives behind the merger. Discussion A business needs to consider the following critical factors for a successful transition after the Merger & acquisition takes place: Pre-acquisition Due Diligence Audit: The due diligence portion of an M&A comes after the purchasing company makes the formal offer of purchasing to the other company. The management from the purchasing company undertakes an assessment to evaluate the financial as well as the strategic aspects of the deal. The potential suitor company evaluates the benefit structure of the other business so that the Human resources from the purchasing company specifically assess the benefits structure of the other company to find out if there are any existing or potential issues running in the latter which may cause a loss of a significant amount for the company as an offering. These problems may be any health insurance package or any pension plan which are not properly funded, the cos t of employees’ compensation being not under control or pending employment lawsuits all of which may cause loss for the company after the merger. Every aspect of human resource should be considered to find out if the target company is compliant in their working with recruitment and manpower planning, compensation program, training and development program, Human resource information systems, Government compliance, employee relations and safety and environment issues. The due diligence should be carried out in areas of potential exposure so that action plans can be recommended when the deal is closed (Cartwright and Cooper, 212). Employee concerns: Human resource plays a vital role in the process of altering both the companies so that they can work together. This process may take a long time to be completed and adapted by all the employees of the company. When a Merger or an Acquisition takes place, the structure and working of both the organizations undergo some changes like a ltering departments, combining teams or eliminating unnecessary positions. In this process of change, the Human resource plays an important role in helping the employees adapt these changes. Human Resources communicate these changes to the employees and also clarify any queries or issues arising out of these changes (Gaughan, 9-10).They provide an avid description of the new roles and responsibilities the employee in the altered organization structure. Additionally, the HR team designs a unified process to deal with the arising human resource

Middle High German, German Fairy Tales and Heinrich von Kleist Essay - 1

Middle High German, German Fairy Tales and Heinrich von Kleist - Essay Example Repetition, often in well- structured stanza form, underlines the poet’s unswerving devotion. 1b The Minnelied is based on a poet/knight figure who reveres a high born lady from afar. There is usually very little exact definition of the social status and real life relationship between the two, because the Minnelied intended to depict love in an idealized fashion. The poet addresses the lady with an almost religious level of adoration, and he emphasizes her serene beauty and his abject devotion. This love is a hopeless kind of love, because there is always a reason why the poet cannot turn his words into reality. Usually the reason is that she is married, and so this means that secrecy is an essential theme. There is a lot of discussion of matters which are visual and tangible, although it is all presented in a stylized way. Although the poet is resigned to his fate, he is also persistent and faithful, never giving up on his hopeless love. This is a given, despite the indiffere nce and even coldness of the lady in question. She cannot show any signs of giving in to the poet’s flattery and entreaties because this would be adultery and would result in her losing the status of a noble and admirable woman. Paradoxically, it is her unavailability that the poet treasures so much. 1c In Middle High German Classicism there are also longer narrative works, which are usually given the label of â€Å"courtly romance.† There are some echoes of Minnesang in this genre, since knights and fair ladies occur regularly in them, but the focus here is much more on the brave exploits of the knights and the concept of chivalry. Besides these there are also heroic epics, which deal with historical subjects over a long period of time. These deal with dynasties and wars, illustrating how power is passed down the generations, and how famous warriors step up to the mark when acts of bravery are required. There are also political set pieces, often in praise of some king or other leader, and many different types of religious writing from songs and prayers, to commentaries, letters and treatises on religious themes, or topics relevant to monks and nuns, such as herbal medicine, miracles and the lives of saints. Historical works like chronicles are also common in this period and they recount religious as well as political events. 1d The period before Middle High German Classicism is known by different terms, depending on whether one is looking at it linguistically or in terms of literary production. From about 700 until about 1100 people spoke what we call â€Å"Old High German† – a collection of dialects which were mostly spoken. The language of literary composition was usually Latin, due to the influence of Christianity, and most people were illiterate. Early Middle High German is therefore more closely aligned with religious themes. Towards the end of the Middle High German Classical epoch, society was changing fast, with greater lev els of literacy, and more people living in towns and cities. This created a new bourgeois class which developed its own taste in literature, much of which was factual (Sachliteratur) and dealt with subjects like commerce and legal issues, or recording of property deals and the like or specialized (Fachliteratur), dealing with practical subjects like farming, alchemy, different trades and the beginnings of scientific explanations for things.

Film journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Film journal - Essay Example The experience comes over a period, and it is born out of creative and the technical expertise, and above all the love for the job of film production with the ability to choose the right talent. For a film to be able to realize itself, the producer will have the responsibility of assessing the film to ensure it is to the expected level. He will tend to the film from the time of conception to the time it will be completed. The producer will serve as the organizer of the film, and he will provide a good environment so that the entire team that is involved in the production of the film can flourish for the good of the film. Most films made in Hollywood the producers are the decision makers during studio system. This is because they supervise a variety of films at the same time, controlling the stories, the budgets and the overall production taking care of each aspect of the production on a whole, thereby being responsible for the fate of the entire films. Producers are responsible for t he development of ideas, and once they are attached to the idea, they put around the right team and go ahead to supervise the entire functioning. For instance, Irving Thalberg, who was once famously involved in over a hundred productions. David O. Selznick, the producer of ‘Rebecca’ was instrumental in bringing Alfred Hitchcock to Hollywood to direct the film because of Hitchcock’s expertise with thriller-suspense cinema. Hitchcock took charge of the film and was so good with his work that Selznick famously said that the only director he can ever trust a film with was Hitchcock. The producer, in some instances such as the one mentioned above, might have a situation that is fragmented. The producer, in such a situation, will have many associates with him so that they may help him with his tasks. In other instances, he may not be the sole producer of the film and instead have many producers with him, and each of them will be performing different roles for the produ ction. One of the producers will be in charge of the business activities while the other can handle creative responsibilities in the production of the film. One of the producers, on the other hand, can be a major investor and, therefore, may not be directly involved in the production of the film. A co-producer may buy the script or the film’s star to the production, on the other hand. Martin Scorsese’s film of ‘The Aviator’ had four producers – Michael Mann, Graham King, Sandy Climan, and Charles Evans Jr. - sharing the responsibilities. A producer is, therefore, responsible for providing the final film to the audience. He, therefore, enjoys the entire responsibility of the film. In several occasions, a writer, star of a film, or a director will produce his own film for having a full artistic control of the film. The most spectacular and perilous example being of Francis Ford Coppola who was the co-writer, producer and director of his most famous fi lm ‘Apocalypse now’. Producing children films have a different experience because the producer usually chooses to be attached to a specific project together with his team. Most of the children films have limited resources, and it is the responsibility of the producer to make the film possible. The producer will work together with his people, together with the director of the film and try to achieve the specific goal

Student Resources Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Student Resources Worksheet Essay Student resources include a variety of helpful sites and tools that can be of assistance when completing assignments, connecting to other students, and searching for careers. Complete this table regarding student resources provided by the university. In the first column, identify where the resource can be found. In the second column, summarize each resource in at least one sentence. When you are finished with the matrix, answer the follow-up question in part B. Part A: Resources Scavenger Hunt Student resource Where found Summary of the resource Syllabus Home section Lets you know all of your tasks and assignments and what is required of you to do throughout your whole course Class Policies Class Home Tells you the academic and instructor policies University Library Library Has a variety of resources and links to help us as students. We can also search for a variety of things. University Academic Catalog Program Contains academis program and policies effective to your program University Learning Goals

Mau Mau Rebellion And The British Response History Essay

Mau Mau Rebellion And The British Response History Essay In this essay I intend to explain the rise of the Mau Mau and the resulting British response from a socio political stand point. I will show that in response to the uprising the Colonial authorities perpetuated the myth of the Mau Mau in order to serve their own interests and provide international justification for their actions. In effect the myth was a product of wilful acceptance to prominent racial and ethnocentric views of the time. The British in fact went on to perpetuate these already prominent views imbedded in the western social consciousness and in doing so provided justification for the barbaric actions to follow, as well as igniting already prominent divides among the native people throughout the colony. This prevailing attitude spread amongst the heads of the colonial project and even to local loyalist people creating a detrimental social consciousness and ironically this myth did not diminish the cause of the Mau Mau fighters as intended, but it antagonised both sides of the divide, the myth took on a life of its own culminating in detrimental effects to both sides; in effect this turned into a war fuelled by resentment and revenge. To show this I will firstly, give a brief overview of the political backdrop of the Kikuyu people during colonial times. Secondly, I will examine the evolution of the myth of Mau Mau looking to its origins, academic justification and response to it. Thirdly, I will work through the resulting conflict showing how the myth contributed to the already multitude of divides and social misconceptions as play within the conflict; with reference to the Lari massacre and Project Anvil. Finally, to conclude I will give mention to recent events and challenges to the British courts from elderly Mau Mau fighters and show that if it was not for racial attitudes and stereotypes and with a little more intelligent thought and acceptance this violent oppressive war could and should have never happened. Origins political backdrop Over three decades leading up to the Mau Mau rebellion, Africans voiced plangent political concerns despite the obstruction of an unsympathetic colonial state.  [1]  Four issues of contention arose to be the main issues of political debate. Two of these were: low level African wages and the abolition of the kipande. European settlers wished to remain competitive in their agricultural production, which was rather less profitable than the extraction of natural resources, this meant tightening of wages for the local Kikuyu people. The kipande was an identity card enforced by the British; essentially it was used for altogether oppressive means relating to mobilization and employment. Two further deep-rooted issues arose from mid-1930 onwards. Firstly, the need to secure effective, elected African representation; previously attempts to manage politics had been utilised by way of, nominated and salaried chiefs who were effectively under the influence of European missionaries, who were by way of the chiefs effectively the voice of the Kenyan people.  [2]  Secondly, the issue of land appropriation and distribution, this had in fact been a bone of contention since the beginning of colonial rule, however, this was exacerbated by restricted migration of peoples and enforcement of land segregation due to tightening economic constraints on the European powers in the post-WWII period, making this the most contested argument and division in Kenya, especially amongst the Kikuyu people. By 1950 these political contentions had evolved into three distinct political movements: Conservatives, Moderate Nationalists and Militant Nationalists. The Conservative block, comprising of: Chiefs, headmen, and senior Christian elders, their authority had been built up and greatly consolidated through association with the colonial project. These people were a product of Social conditioning; western education carried out by Christian missionaries, dogmatising a new breed of Kenyans.  [3]  The Moderate Nationalists emerged from the early 1920s, previously educated mission boys, developed westernised attitudes and prevailing Christian beliefs again by way of colonial conditioning. The old conservative chiefs were viewed as a barrier to progress and modernisation, a step away from traditional values and cultural politics.  [4]  A materialist rivalry fuelled and intensified their political struggles; in a battle for power the difference in agendas at first was not entirely clear . Koinange Wa Mbiya, the most distinguished chief of the colonial era, became disillusioned with the colonial regime, originally a stanch conservative supporter his views shifted dramatically over the issue of land appropriation.  [5]  The land reserves were diminishing and population was growing rapidly, people succumbed to hunger and even starvation, which spread rapidly amongst the native people. In a passionate speech Koinange appealed to the colonial land commission for the return of his peoples lost lands, his appeal fell on death ears, the colonial powers had another agenda and his appeal was rejected.  [6]  Consequently, he joined the Kikuyu Central Association (KCA) an organisation he was previously vehemently opposed to. He even went as far as donating his own land and giving financial support to the Kikuyu Independent Schools Association, successfully challenging the Christian missions monopoly of primary education for the children of Kenya; an important factor in ra ising free thinking Kenyans free of dogmatism and colonial conditioning, these newly educated children would go on to fuel the rise of nationalism.  [7]   The British thought that they had drawn a line under the issue, demanding compliance form their colonial subjects. However, this was just the beginning of the problem; as the white settler population grew and mechanisation aided the efficiency of the production, less and less workers were needed resulting in more repatriation to the reserves. This was exacerbated further by the Chieftains, with western ideologies of their own, believing in progress and modernity, they developed their own aspirations for wealth and power, further alienating the local Kikuyu population. Origins of Mau Mau and creation of a myth The origins of the Mau Mau contrary to the beliefs of the west and colonial governments within Kenya were heralded on very much peaceful beginnings, this can be view in contrast to Britains greater colonial empire particularly, India, the jewel in the crown, where Gandhis vision of non-violence had now seemed to transgress continents; for it was indeed this stance that the rebel Mau Mau organisation began. The first signs of integration or the population to Mau Mau sympathies arose, as we have seen, out of opposition of their own self-mastery. This choice first entailed a rejection of the leadership of many patrons, particularly the chiefs who, as one vernacular newspaper article argued in January 1948, should know that to be respected through fear is not as good as respect through love. Initial protests were intentionally carried out and lead by educated Africans with emphasis on strong discipline and unity.  [8]  Even moral boosting songs proclaimed, we dont want war we want ju stice. The newspaper Mumenyereri observed, Africans have no weapons, but their weapon is to speak the truth and to be honest.  [9]   The United Kingdom, conversely, sought to popularise a very different interpretation, and largely succeeded. This was that the troubles were a small unpopular, easily controllable, savage tribal uprising, perhaps the symptom of some form of mass psychosis, the result of the Kikuyu tribes inability to cope with the modern world.  [10]  The British depiction and the official colonial/western view of Mau Mau were of a savage, violent, and depraved tribal cult, who expressed unrestrained emotion rather than reason. It sought to turn the Kikuyu people back to the bad old days before enlightened British rule had brought the blessings of modern civilization and development.  [11]  Government intelligence reports dwelt on the insane frenzy and fanatical discipline of Mau Mau adherents.  [12]  It had been deliberately organized, according to the government, by cynical and unprincipled leaders, seeking only to satisfy their own lust for power. Depraved, murderous, and wholly evil, Mau Mau had to be totally destroyed; this view was backed up by leading academics of the time.  [13]  This is not to say that a brilliant lie was devised, but merely that one particular version of events (which was perhaps no further from the truth than many of the other interpretations) was publicised because it cause the British less problems when trying to justify their African policies to those international neighbours to whom they had to pay heed, above all Americans. It blunted criticisms, stifled debate, and exonerated the British response.  [14]  In reality, the myth was more sophisticated and wider and served more tangible purpose than this would suggest. It must be recognised that not all was myth, and that Mau Mau was far from a standard anti-colonial uprising, if such a creature indeed exists.  [15]   By the Mid-1960s this interpretation began to be challenged by a revisionist version of Mau Mau which depicted it as an essential, if radical, component of nationalism in Kenya. First, memoirs of the Emergency by some of those active in Mau Mau began to be published, notably by J. M. Kariuki and Waruhiu Itote:  [16]  both who insisted that Mau Mau was a modern, rational, and nationalist political movement, not tribalist reaction. These publications set the way for two hugely influential works which would reshape academic opinion; the first, Mau Mau from Within by Karari Njama;  [17]  the second, the Myth of Mau Mau: Nationalism in Kenya by John Nottingham and Carl Rosberg.  [18]  Nottingham and Rosberg concluded that interpretations of Mau Mau as savage and atavistic tribalism is subject to penetrating analysis as a myth of the Mau Mau grounded in European racism and ethnocentrism.  [19]   This wilful propagating and demonising antagonised an already deeper problem of racial and ethnocentric social views. The cultural misconceptions already prelevant in the social consciousness of Europeans were evident with racial and barbarian attitudes shown towards Africans, it was this that the British government could influence, the myth they propagated further cemented these misconceptions, the colonial administration seeking advantage to pursue its own ends at state level. This attitude is clearly seen in a book by Christopher Wilson, Kenyas Warning; throughout the book he writes clearly engulfed by a misconceived social consciousness. In a chapter on the Mau Mau leaders he goes on to discredit the causes of support for the Mau Mau. He tackles the legitimacy of aggravations caused by lack of land for cultivation, lack of money on account of low wages, and denial of legitimate political claims; siding in each case with the colonial project.  [20]  He demeans the intentions o f the Mau Mau leaders as acting in their own interests, having no interest in the welfare of the masses, deluding them with promises [the masses]. Essentially the non-conformity with western ideas is seen as backward, primitive and uneducated.  [21]  Mau Mau supporters were belittled by loyalists as impoverished criminal delinquents and so, it was believed, morally ill-equipped to lead political action or participate in debate: When you kill your fellow men because of foolishness, I tell you that you are far from becoming a leader of any sort. (Letter E. Munene to editor, 30th Jan 1954)  [22]  Mau Mau forest fighters were frequently derided by loyalists as wild animals and in particular hyenas.  [23]   The British response- In October 1952w, the new colonial administrator took an altogether more decisive approach to the situation in hand; opting for a more heavy handed approach and military response the Mau Mau rebellion, to be implemented immediately. A State of Emergency was declared and the British colonial government of Kenya waged a violent counter-insurgency campaign against the Mau Mau rebels. In this effort the regime was assisted by collaborators, known as loyalists, drawn from the same communities as the insurgents. This created an ambiguity of allegiances of which were influenced by propaganda and events on both sides of the divide; loyalism in fact seems to have been a product of the same intellectual debates that had spanned the Mau Mau insurgency itself.  [24]  Francis Gatheru was a stanch supporter of the loyalist and colonial cause during the state of emergency, his reasoning for standing opposed to his fellow was ironically deduced for the very same reasons from which the Mau Mau so ught revolution. Gatheru dismissed the idea that oaths of allegiance to the Mau Mau were taken by way of ritualistic nature, and it was the threat of supernatural punishment that compelled most to pledge their support to the insurgents. Admitting this this was a factor, but exaggerated by the British; who propagated this demonised dark nature of the local people. Instead Gatheru points to the Mau Maus promise to deliver freedom, land and every good thing we wished to have that primarily won over the hearts and minds of the local people. This suggests that contrary to the British claims that the majority of people were oathed voluntarily. Proclaiming ithaka na wiathi meaning self-mastery through land, it is clear that the militant Mau Mau leaders had utilised the primary contention that could unite the people against the colonial regime.  [25]  What followed was in effect a civil war, more than 90 per cent of the 13,000 officially acknowledged casualties of the anti-colonial and internecine violence were Kikuyu, Embu or Meru; most of which were killed by their fellow inhabitants of Kenyas Central Highlands. Gatheru now disillusioned and horrified by the conflict, saw his people no closer to self-mastery, they were fighting an unwinnable war; up against the full force and technological advancement of the British Empire. What Gatheru realised as did much of the native population that we are not to get any ware by prolonging the situation, if we are getting the opposite of what the Mau Mau promised us when we were taking the oath, why then à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ shouldnt we do the contrary of what we promised? The divide was widening, the British played the natives against one another; in an already divided population with a huge number of grievances and contentions it was easy to mobilize support on either side. On the loyalist side: demonising propaganda, colonial education/westernisation, Christian indoctrination, material superiority, non-violence, political ends and even monetary incentive and bribes. On the Mau Mau side: land contentions, living/working conditions, land hunger, wage levels, material divides as well as traditional and cultural issues all played apart. Most strikingly as the contention between the sides intensified revenge was a clear motive on both sides in the ambiguity of allegiances. Fuelled by principles of modernisation, progress and westernisation, old moderate leaders now in control of the Mau Mau organisation, looked to oust not only the colonial powers but also the stooge chiefs, who according to them were holding back the nation and not radical enough in the ir western attitudes. These leaders utilised the grievances of the peasants, primarily issues relating to land appropriation, to add to the numbers of the Mau Mau fighters/militants. Other kikuyu people saw the war as unwinnable and tended towards loyalist persuasion along with other settlers who had benefited from colonial education/conditioning and Christian dogmatising; their political attitude to the war was one of non-violence. When the violence inevitably did start propaganda further divided the two camps, the freedom fight became embroiled in a fight between Kikuyu interests and developed into a vendetta of revenge not freedom. Lari massacare The Lari massacre was the wars iconographic moment. The attack on Lari had been carefully planned and was not as reported an indiscriminate act of violence, the homesteads attacked had in fact been very carefully chosen. All of the victims were the families of local chiefs, ex-chiefs, headmen, councillors and prominent Home Guard. What followed was not planned or strategic in any manner whatsoever, purely an act of enraged revenge; a second massacre took place at Lari that night. It was perpetuated by the Home Guard, later joined by other elements of the security services, who took revenge on any persons in the location they could lay their hands on whom they suspected of Mau Mau sympathies. Propaganda and spin followed the inevitable cover up, mopping-up operations.  [26]  This tragedy not only was a catalyst for events to come but epitomised the war, Kikuyu fighting Kikuyu, in essence a civil war perpetuated by myth blatant cultural misunderstanding as well as prominent racial and ethnocentric attitudes. Project Anvil When dawn broke on the morning of 24 April 1954, Nairobis citizens woke to find their city under siege. Over the previous four months an elaborate scheme had been worked out to systematically search the city and to screen every African.  [27]  This rigorous process left nothing unturned all documentation had to be present and correct, with even the slightest discrepancy cause for suspicion. African were hustled out of their houses and herded into barbed-wire compounds, where they waited for the cogs of colonial bureaucracy to turn. A crude system of classification was put in place, highlighting the racial problems stirringly, of the Africans screened they were classified as white, grey or black; black used to connote danger and allegiances to Mau Mau; and white used to connote not a threat to society and to be repatriated; highlighting the prominent racial attitudes of the time. The legal basis of the screening and detention camps was set up by a Delegated Detention Order, where by under the emergency law, suspects could be detained without trial simply by a signature of any officer of the rank district officer or above. Nothing more was needed to condemn a man to incarceration for two years or more. Suspicion that man had taken an oath, or even that he was thought to be in sympathy of the Mau Mau, was sufficient for detention without trial. Accusations made by others, such as the hooded loyalist informants (gikunia) used at Langata, needed no corroboration; their silent and anonymous testimonies would condemn many men to the detention camps. The use of elders brought from the reserve in the screening of men was intended at act as a check against any possible victimization, but it was impossible to prevent score-settling or personal vendettas.  [28]  In the morass of Operation Anvil, there were masses of cases of mistaken identity, and once labelled it was exceedingly difficult to challenge a detention order, bureaucratic procedure had taken over from c ommon sense: with these numbers, what did it matter if one more kikuyu was detained? And if in any doubt, it was surely better to detain the man than let him go? By 26 May, when Anvil finally came to an end, the numbers screened had climbed about 50,000; nearly half the total number Kikuyu in the city and been imprisoned, by the end of 1954 one-third of all Kikuyu men were said to be in prison, these detainees had not been convicted of any crime and were all held without trial.  [29]  Special Branch reckoned that 700 of these were hard-core Mau Mau, a measly 3 per cent of the total detainees; with the evidence against the majority being nothing more than pretty slight, but no one seemed concerned by this alarming statistic, to job had been done.  [30]   By late June, Morrison, the General Secretary of the Christian Council of Kenya, wrote to the governor, Sir Frederick Crawford, about more than sixty Kikuyu Christians who had been rounded up in Operation Anvil. The loyalty of these men was above question; yet it appeared they had been swept away into the detention camps as Mau Mau suspects. Effort were made to locate the men, however, Morrison reports, We are informed either that persons cannot be traced, or that they must be re-screened, or that they cannot return to Nairobi because they were self-employed, or some other reason is given which prevents or delays release. The government was in danger of alienating the one group among the Kikuyu on whose support they must ultimately rely as a nucleus for influencing the rest.  [31]   Archdeacon Peter Bostock, of the Anglican Church, visited Langata in person twice during the June in an effort to identify the missing men. He was shocked and disturbed by the experience. He described the conditions as grossly overcrowded and stated that the home guard were only barely in control, it seemed as is the camps were a law unto themselves.  [32]   In January 1955 the Church of Scotland moderator in Kenya, David Steel, startled his Presbyterian congregation with an impassioned attack from the pulpit against the arbitrary callousness of government policies, taking Operation Anvil as his principle case. Steel described how the government had alienated Christian support through its heavy-handedness, summarily throwing the innocent into detention, where they were contaminated by the wicked, and failing to protect decent people from the abuse of those whom the government armed as their protectors, the Home Guard. Carelessness, an utter disregard for the rights of Africans had resulted in many honest, law-abiding citizens beings incarcerated during anvil. Steel also referred to more sinister forces at work; citing false accusations that had been deliberate and calculated, heavily criticising the system of informants branding it far from infallible and suggesting that this had happened more frequently than the security forces were pre pared to concede.  [33]   The army fought against Mau Maus military confusions. These were very different from those which haunted the liberal myth of modernization; a contrast between modernisation, progress and capitalist attitudes with an eerie respect to the shared experience of war, based on strategy, respect, loyalty, and noble attitudes.  [34]  They rose above the prominent racial attitudes, fighting together, side by side with Africans during the war had instilled respect and honour amongst the troops and even the generals. General Erskine, commander during the critical first part of the war, took a simple soldierly view of the oaths which so disturbed the understanding of most observers. He recognised that Mau Mau had grievances and an aim, to eject Europeans. The connexion between strategic end and nauseating means was crisply rational.  [35]  The colonial secretary, Oliver Lyttelton, was struck by a nobler likeness between forest fighter and British soldier. A veteran of the Great War, he r espected men who, contrary to their tribal reputation, had more than once pressed home attacks against wire, and in the face of hot fire, and heavy casualties. He had asked no more of his Grenadiers. If Mau Mau gallantry was explained by dutch courage à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ doped with hemp, had he not too, like others in this war, braced himself with rum before battle? Such recognition of equivalence, so contrary both to the racialism which denied a common humanity and the liberalism which pitied dupes, was politically important. Even Churchill commander and chief himself was held to have thought the fibre, ability and steel of the Kikuyu deserved to be acknowledged by on offer of terms.  [36]  After sixty-eight hours of interrogating the captured General China, superintendent Ian Henderson, the boys own hero of the settlers war, concluded that his prisoner was a complete fanatic. Was he then mentally ill? Not at all. China had a good brain and a remarkable memory. He knew why he was f ighting; his sole with was to expound his political testament before Legislative Council and walk to the gallows without trial. It took the tragedy of Hola camp, where eleven hard core detainees were beaten to death in the name of modernisation, to bring the British government round to the military view. As Margery Perham put it, the hard core were determined to prove that they were not in the grip of some remedial obsession but pursuing logical and irrevocable political aims. The detainees might have put it differently. The immediate issue was work and it refusal. Their case was simple. They were political prisoners, not criminals. To work to order would be to admit to wrong. Work was a proper demonstration of responsibility for free men; under any other condition it was slavery.  [37]  Britain could not continue to remake Kenya by force when other European powers were abandoning attempts to remodel colonial rule for the moral high ground of informal empire. A political war must be ended by political means. Civilization had to gamble on concession and agreement, not enforced by the tyranny of good intent ions and warders truncheons. Within months of Hola came Lancaster House and the prospect of majority rule.  [38]  Only international and metropolitan pressures could compel the United Kingdom to decolonise, and so the myth of Mau Mau served the useful purpose of forestalling any concerted international effort to redirect United Kingdom policy and of blunting the criticisms emanating from those countries to whom the British were obliged to pay heed. By dissociating the uprising from the global forces of nationalism and communism, by stressing its violent and uncompromising nature, and by constantly asserting the ease which it would be defeated, it succeeded in this aim, as any reading of the United Nations records for the period will testify.  [39]   Conclusion

Why Christians Oppose Abortion :: Papers

Why Christians Oppose Abortion Abortion, the termination of an unborn child from a pregnant mother, is a topic that which has raged on for hundreds of years. Two sides to the idea exist. Pro-choice groups are for abortion, or the choice of the mother. Pro-life groups are against abortion or for the life of the baby. Yet why is it that pro-life groups are mainly made up of practising Christians? Many Christians oppose abortion because they few unborn babies as humans and therefore view abortion as murder. Strong pro-life activists may believe that life starts as early as conception and views contraceptives such as the pill as abortion. Less strong pro-life people may view the start of life later. Despite this variation in perception, all pro-life activists will view the start of life as pre birth, and that abortion after their perception of the start of life as murder of the child. Some pro-life supporters would not always view abortion as wrong and certain groups promote abortion providing it is only used when it threatens the life of the mother. There are hundreds of beliefs about when and when not abortion should be used among liberal pro-life supporters but the basic idea is that abortion should only happen if it would seriously affect the mother to have a child. Other Christians are for abortion because they believe in the right of the mother. They believe that god made humans free and the mother should be free to choose whether or whether or not she as a baby. They say that the mother should have the choice because the baby will have a massive immediate affect on her life. They argue that women who want abortions would not appreciate a child and that that child would not have a happy life. They also argue that women who have children when they are too young will wreck their entire working life because they would be unable to study and bring up the child and would not make friends or have a social life.

Could The Suicide be The Executive after a life of failure? :: English Literature

Could The Suicide be The Executive after a life of failure? Although The Suicide might not be The Executive after a life of failure, there is strong evidence that he is. The Suicide might not be the Executive for an obvious reason and that is that the poets are different. Louis McNeice might not have read John Betjeman’s poem ‘The Executive’ and this could just be a coincidence but I strongly believe the poets are talking about the same person. There is good evidence that ‘The Suicide’ is ‘The Executive’. One good point is that they are both set in the late 60’s. ‘The Executive’ is because it says ‘I do some mild developing. The sort of place I need is a quiet country market town ’, he is saying he needs a small town so it is easier to get away with. ‘That’s rather run to seed’, this is a metaphor that the town has got past it’s prime and not spending money anymore like the flower – all its efforts go into making seeds then after that it has gone past its prime and its pretty much useless. This is the 60’s because there was not a licence of housing until after this period of time. No one could just knock down buildings then. Another aspect of the poem, which makes you consider it is in the 60’s, is that Betjeman has written in his poem ‘I have a Slimline briefcase’, which were only used around that time because they are like the equivalent of modern palmtops. Therefore, if the Executive was so rich he would have the best up to date technology to show off for work. In ‘The Suicide’ it indicates that it is set in the 60’s because McNeice writes in his poem ‘Through which he had wandered deliciously till he stumbled’, which is a 60’s song. ‘The executive’ was so high flying, so cocky and arrogant. Betjeman is satirising The Executive. He was so insecure about his life he had to go talk himself up to strangers who probably don’t even care. ‘I am a young executive’ this line shows he was talking to an older person and it was not a woman because they were not any businesswomen then. You can tell immediately that he is trying to sell himself to this other person just from two lines ‘No cuffs than mine are cleaner; I have a slimline briefcase and I use the firms Cortina’. He’s trying to say he is so successful and rich he can afford all these expensive, modern items like by saying ‘I’ve got a scarlet Aston Martin-and does she go?

Analysis of Cancer - The Enemy Within Essay examples -- Exploratory Es

Cancer - The Enemy Within      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abstract: Cancer has been known and feared since antiquity, but its imperative danger could only be realized until fairly recently. Indeed as knowledge of the disease grew in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, fear increased when people became more aware that most cancers had no available cure. Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells reproduce without control, destroy healthy tissue, and eventually cause deterioration to the body. This paper is a discussion on how cancer develops and spreads, some of the various types of cancer, and the causes of the disease.    Cancer is a disease in which cells multiply without control, destroy healthy tissue, and endanger life. About 100 kinds of cancer attack human beings. This disease is a leading cause of death in many countries. In the United States and Canada, only diseases of the heart and the blood vessels kill more people. Cancer occurs in most species of animals and in many kinds of plants, as well as in human beings.    Cancer strikes people of all ages but especially middle-aged persons and the elderly. It occurs about equally among people of both sexes. The disease can attack any part of the body and may spread to virtually any other part. However the parts of the body which are most often affected are the skin, the female breasts, organs of the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, blood-forming, lymphatic, and urinary systems.    The various cancers are classified in two ways. The primary body site, as and by the type of body tissue in which the cancer originates. They can thus be divided further in to two main groups; carcinomas and sarcomas. Carcinomas are cancers that start in epitheli... ...r are fatal. In the past, the methods of treatment gave patients little hope for recovery, but the methods of diagnosing and treating the disease have improved greatly since the 1930's. Today, about half of all cancer patients survive at least five years after treatment. People who remain free of cancer that long after treatment have a good chance of remaining permanently free of the disease. But much research remains to be done to find methods of preventing and curing cancer.    Bibliography Allison, Trent. Background into Medicine. New York: Lincoln Press, 1982. Drummond, Phillip. Cancer. 1st ed. New York: Prentice Hall Publishers, 1984 Harris, Jules E.. "Cancer." Encyclopedia Britannica. 1993 ed. Sipp, Warren. Encyclopedia to Cancer. New York: National Academy Press,1989. Veels, Thomas. Science of Cancer. Washington DC, 1984.

Studying Retailing and Consumer Sciences at the University of Arizona

The many experiences I have had during my university education have come to represent a period of metamorphosis for me, in which I underwent tremendous personal growth and development.   I truly discovered my personal identity and ultimately discovered my passion, desiring that my future be in the exciting field of Retailing and Consumer Sciences.I originally dreamed of being a Korean diplomat, and this is the reason I have pursued Political Science and International Relations in my undergraduate education.   This goal changed dramatically in 2005, when I assisted a friend with a project he was working on in Business Administration.I found this to be an exciting experience and it soon became apparent that the field of business marketing was an ideal match for me.   An innate understanding of the subject seemed to come naturally, therefore I took similar courses, excelled in these classes, and exhibited the strongest performance in the subject.  As I studied further, I discove red how I could become empowered with the practical knowledge I would need to become an effective agent of positive change in my community by using my innate abilities combined with what I had learned in class.   I even made a trip to a traditional Korean market called â€Å"Ma-po† to understand how consumer science and retailing work in the practical world.Nevertheless, my academic inclinations were not the only factors in my decision to apply to the Master’s of Science Program in Retailing and Consumer Sciences.My decision was also influenced by other non-academic sources including various extra-curricular and volunteer activities. For instance, I was a member of Sookmyung Communicator: Blue Letter, a student newsletter for which I wrote and edited releveant articles for consumers, faculty, and students during my undergraduate work.Another example of a non-academic experience that led me to make a decision to pursue marketing was my role of Chairperson of the Korea n Language Club at Miyazaki International College.   In this role, I learned to communicate effectively with others and important problem solving skills that will be necessary to excel in the field of marketing.Therefore, each of my educational and life experiences has played a factor in my decision to study Retailing and Consumer Sciences. Although it is not a perfect science, marketing strategies can be applied to help businesses, large and small, with innovative and fascinating ways to market items and understand consumer patterns with an analysis of economic growth or recession and finding ways to enhance or solve these issues.With my Master’s Degree in Retailing and Consumer Sciences, I hope to work for an organization that is committed to a sense of community, while also using effective marketing tools for success.   I believe I would excel in this field and would find this type of work fascinating because I possess a strong passion for business and marketing issues , therefore this work would reflect my academic, societal, and community interests.  I would be thrilled to have the opportunity to work in marketing because it is so very dynamic and increasingly relevant in our modern industrialized society.I decided to apply specifically to the University of Arizona to attend the program in Retailing and Consumer Sciences because I believe that the school is clearly a leader in business and marketing, and has a tremendous impact on the community.  The faculty appears to be truly tremendous, takes pride in this specialization, and is committed to a modern curriculum and ongoing growth in the program.   I am confident that continuing my studies at the University of Arizona will equip me with the knowledge and skills I need in order to realize my goals of becoming a successful businessperson.Furthermore, after completing the Master’s Program, I plan to continue my studies of Marketing and obtain a Ph.D. in the field. Eventually I will u se my education by pursuing a career as a college professor or a professional researcher.The collection of experiences I have gathered while obtaining my education and through personal volunteering, have transformed me and brought me to the place I am today.   I am an intellectually curious and ambitious individual committed to a lifelong process of learning and continuous service to my community.Studying Retailing and Consumer Sciences at the University of Arizona would not only be a natural progression of my interests and abilities, but also allow me to exercise what is now my commitment to lifelong learning.   

Organized Crime Exam 2 Study Guide

Exam Review 3/28/13 10:32 AM Rockefeller and Standard Oil (2) Proliferation of organized crime caused by: †¢ Collapse of Soviet Union †¢ Explosion of global markets Primary businesses †¢ Drugs †¢ Arms †¢ Human Trafficking – 3rd largest growing criminal industry o Article Handed out – On Test o 2 Components ? Labor ? Sex Trafficking o 1/3 of human trafficking resources come from craigslist Globalization and nexus of terrorism, differences from org crime †¢ Terrorism is inherently an organization that destroys politics, organized crime nurtures and infiltrates politics.Terr subvert government, org crime wants to maintain and run a parallel organiztion Where organized crime groups thrive †¢ Tri-border coiuntries – ability to cross, human trafficking, etc. Al Queda †¢ Using La Comorra to forge documents 3 different types of traditional organized crime †¢ Sicilian †¢ La Comorra from Sp prisons †¢ L’Ndranga? Popular in Australia and Canada, origin in slums of Collabria, Italy 4 types †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ of terrorism Criminal – profit, psychological gain EcoterroristsIdeological terrorism – effort to change political power. Mubarak in Egypt Nationalistic terrorism – terr activity that supports the interest of an ethnic or ____ group EX Afghanistan †¢ State sponsored terrorism – state threaten to use violence internationally, N KOREA Theories behind org crime †¢ Anomie – normlessness by Angle Durkheim. Robert Murton picked up on that theory. Break down his concept into GOALS and MEANS. 5 Categories of ppl o Conformity o Innovation o Ritualism o Retreatism o RebellionEdwin Sutherland Theory of_____ †¢ Close, intimate personal groups teach you mechanics and justification for criminal behavior Shawn McCay †¢ Concentric circles, Zone 2 the Zone of transition, where most crim activity is identified Theory of Olin – theo ry of relative deprivation and differential opportunity †¢ 3 categories o Retreat o Conflict o Criminal Ethnic succession concept Motorcycle Gangs †¢ 1%ers †¢ Probate, Citizen, Run, Colors, Significance of Harley Davidson repair manual †¢ 4 most notorious gangs †¢ Who Sonny Barger isLatino Organized Crime †¢ Columbia – world’s primary cocaine industry. o Political strife, civil war between wealthy landowners la Valencia o Castro overthrows Batista, how many narcotraffickers settle in N America o How Columbians began to export cocaine to Cuba, but eventually Cuba becomes their own organization o Medallin – first significant Columbian Cartel (Criminal Network resembling a holding company or corporation). Ocha family, primary family in the medallin cartel. ? Pablo Escobar – 1970s nothing but a drug dealer.By 1980s, emerged to such power that he attempted to engotaiot with Columbian govt to forego xtradition. They refused, he con tinues to promote drug organizeiton until he was assassinated o Followed by Cali Cartel ? Elmhurst Jackson Heights in Queens NY – little Columbia ? The Rejula brothers founded it. Incarcerated †¢ Mexico o PRI rule mexico for 70 years. Taken over by opposition party under Vicente fox †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ o Drug trafficking – initially working with Columbians, ****For every 2kilos brought in, Columbians gave 1 free**** Eventually Mexicans establish their own contacts – grow a majority of cocaine in Bolivia and peru, operate independently of Columbia o Amazucas Cartel – distinct notoriety in Methamohetamine o Sonola Cotel – Gusman/El Chapo / Shorty – mentioned in an ARTICLE ? How most powerful drug traffickers run their business o Tijuana Cartel – borders San Diego. ? Operated by 7 brothers, 4 sisters. o Sonora Cartel – borders Arizona Dominican Republic o Notorious transshipment point o Uptown manhattan pa rt of Washington Heights Known for moving large amts of heroin and crack cocaine v powder coke MS13 o El Salvador formed o Notoriously violent in el Salvador and N America La M o Prison based gang o Rely on wholesale violence o Now rivals a second Mexican-American Gang LA NUESTRA FAMILIA o Mexican Mafia still fueds with them o Primary business since it was formed in prisons is providing heroin in the Mexican prison system ARTICLE A JOURNEY INTO HELL – Not on test ***** 3/28/13 10:32 AM 3/28/13 10:32 AM Organized Crime Exam 2 Study Guide Exam Review 3/28/13 10:32 AM Rockefeller and Standard Oil (2) Proliferation of organized crime caused by: †¢ Collapse of Soviet Union †¢ Explosion of global markets Primary businesses †¢ Drugs †¢ Arms †¢ Human Trafficking – 3rd largest growing criminal industry o Article Handed out – On Test o 2 Components ? Labor ? Sex Trafficking o 1/3 of human trafficking resources come from craigslist Globalization and nexus of terrorism, differences from org crime †¢ Terrorism is inherently an organization that destroys politics, organized crime nurtures and infiltrates politics.Terr subvert government, org crime wants to maintain and run a parallel organiztion Where organized crime groups thrive †¢ Tri-border coiuntries – ability to cross, human trafficking, etc. Al Queda †¢ Using La Comorra to forge documents 3 different types of traditional organized crime †¢ Sicilian †¢ La Comorra from Sp prisons †¢ L’Ndranga? Popular in Australia and Canada, origin in slums of Collabria, Italy 4 types †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ of terrorism Criminal – profit, psychological gain EcoterroristsIdeological terrorism – effort to change political power. Mubarak in Egypt Nationalistic terrorism – terr activity that supports the interest of an ethnic or ____ group EX Afghanistan †¢ State sponsored terrorism – state threaten to use violence internationally, N KOREA Theories behind org crime †¢ Anomie – normlessness by Angle Durkheim. Robert Murton picked up on that theory. Break down his concept into GOALS and MEANS. 5 Categories of ppl o Conformity o Innovation o Ritualism o Retreatism o RebellionEdwin Sutherland Theory of_____ †¢ Close, intimate personal groups teach you mechanics and justification for criminal behavior Shawn McCay †¢ Concentric circles, Zone 2 the Zone of transition, where most crim activity is identified Theory of Olin – theo ry of relative deprivation and differential opportunity †¢ 3 categories o Retreat o Conflict o Criminal Ethnic succession concept Motorcycle Gangs †¢ 1%ers †¢ Probate, Citizen, Run, Colors, Significance of Harley Davidson repair manual †¢ 4 most notorious gangs †¢ Who Sonny Barger isLatino Organized Crime †¢ Columbia – world’s primary cocaine industry. o Political strife, civil war between wealthy landowners la Valencia o Castro overthrows Batista, how many narcotraffickers settle in N America o How Columbians began to export cocaine to Cuba, but eventually Cuba becomes their own organization o Medallin – first significant Columbian Cartel (Criminal Network resembling a holding company or corporation). Ocha family, primary family in the medallin cartel. ? Pablo Escobar – 1970s nothing but a drug dealer.By 1980s, emerged to such power that he attempted to engotaiot with Columbian govt to forego xtradition. They refused, he con tinues to promote drug organizeiton until he was assassinated o Followed by Cali Cartel ? Elmhurst Jackson Heights in Queens NY – little Columbia ? The Rejula brothers founded it. Incarcerated †¢ Mexico o PRI rule mexico for 70 years. Taken over by opposition party under Vicente fox †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ o Drug trafficking – initially working with Columbians, ****For every 2kilos brought in, Columbians gave 1 free**** Eventually Mexicans establish their own contacts – grow a majority of cocaine in Bolivia and peru, operate independently of Columbia o Amazucas Cartel – distinct notoriety in Methamohetamine o Sonola Cotel – Gusman/El Chapo / Shorty – mentioned in an ARTICLE ? How most powerful drug traffickers run their business o Tijuana Cartel – borders San Diego. ? Operated by 7 brothers, 4 sisters. o Sonora Cartel – borders Arizona Dominican Republic o Notorious transshipment point o Uptown manhattan pa rt of Washington Heights Known for moving large amts of heroin and crack cocaine v powder coke MS13 o El Salvador formed o Notoriously violent in el Salvador and N America La M o Prison based gang o Rely on wholesale violence o Now rivals a second Mexican-American Gang LA NUESTRA FAMILIA o Mexican Mafia still fueds with them o Primary business since it was formed in prisons is providing heroin in the Mexican prison system ARTICLE A JOURNEY INTO HELL – Not on test ***** 3/28/13 10:32 AM 3/28/13 10:32 AM

European Renaissance & Reformation

Chapter 1 European Renaissance & Reformation Unit 1 – Italy: Birthplace of the Renaissance Revolution – the Italian Renaissance was a rebirth of learning that produced many great works of art & literature. Renaissance art & literature still influence modern thought & modern art. Renaissance – period of European history, 1300-1600, rebirth, a renewed interest in classical culture lead to changes in art, learning, & views of the world.Humanism – Renaissance intellectual movement that focused on studying classical texts, human potential & achievements. Secular – Renaissance society was worldly rather than spiritual & concerned with the ere & now. Patron – a person who supports artists, especially financially. Perspective – an artistic technique that creates the appearance of 3 dimensions on a flat surface.Vernacular – native language; the everyday language of people in a region or country. Italy's Advantages City-States Merchants & the Medici Looking to Greece & Rome Classical & Worldly Values Classics lead to humanism Worldly pleasures Patrons of the arts The Renaissance man The Renaissance woman The Renaissance Revolutionizes art Realistic painting & sculpture Leonardo, Renaissance Man Raphael advances realism Anguish & GentilesRenaissance writers change literature Patriarch & Vacation Machiavelli advises rulers Aviators Colonial Unit 2 – The Northern Renaissance Cultural interaction – in the sass, the ideas of the Italian Renaissance began to spread to Northern Europe Renaissance ideas such as the importance of the individual are a strong part of modern thought. Utopia – an imaginary land described by Thomas More in his book â€Å"Utopia†, an ideal place William Shakespeare – most famous writer of the Elizabethan Age; born in 1562; liked the classics & drew on them for inspiration & plots.Johann Gutenberg – a craftsman from Mains, Germany, developed a printing pres s sing a number of technologies to make it possible to produce books quickly & cheaply; printed a complete Bible in 1455. Artistic ideas spread German painters Flemish painters Northern Writers try to reform society Christian humanists Women's reforms The Legacy of the Renaissance Changes in the arts Changes in society Unit 3 – Luther leads the Reformation Revolution – Martin Lather's protest over abuses in the Catholic Church led to the founding of Protestant churches.Nearly 1/5 of the Christians in today's world Causes of the Reformation Criticisms of the Catholic Church Early calls for reform Luther challenges the church The 95 theses re Protestants. Indulgence – a pardon releasing a person from punishments due for a sin. Reformation – 16th-century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of Christian churches that rejected the pope's authority.Lather's teachings The response to Luther The Pope's threat The Emperor's opposition Lutheran à ¢â‚¬â€œ member of a Protestant church founded on the teachings of Martin Luther. The Peasants' Revolt Germany at War Protestant – member of a Christian church founded on the principles of the Reformation. Peace of Suburbs – a 1 555 agreement declaring that the religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler. England becomes Protestant Henry VIII wants a son Annul – to cancel or set aside.The Reformation Parliament Consequences of Henrys Changes Elizabeth restores Protestantism Anglican – relating to the Church of England. Elizabeth faces other challenges Unit 4 – The Reformation Continues Religious & ethical systems – as Protestant reformers divided over beliefs, the Catholic Church made reforms. Many Protestant churches began during this period, and many Catholic schools are he result of reforms in the Church. Predestination Calvinist Theocracy Presbyterian Anabaptist Catholic Reformation Jesuits Council of Treats

Is College Degree Essential

Alice Sewah 10/14/11 V1 A college degree is essential for my future Is college degree really worth all the money spent and the effort put in it? Right now in our socirty a college education is no longer a option or a privilege. Without a college degree, you might as well becomes a homeless because if you don’t have a college degree you really aren’t anybody in this society. With a college degree, you get a good job, people give you more respect and you broraden up your knowledge. To me a college degree is essential for my future in order to be successful. First reason, college degree is essential is that it will lead me to get a really good job in the future. Being a college student perhaps more respectable role than being a janitor, lunch lady or a cook in a restaurant. When people know you as a college graduate, they give you more respect than just any ordinary person. With a college degree you get nice well-paying careers where you don’t have to break your neck and working your body to death. Even my parents motivate me more to stay in college because I don’t want to grow up and do the job that they doing now. Second reason why college is important is you gain respectful from people. For example my older brother who is a college graduate from Northwestern university gets more respect from all my family members and outsiders too. They look at him as not any ordinary person, but as a person who has accomplished a major goal that not everybody who starts finish. I know I will hain the same respect from people once I get my college degree. A degree is not just any other paper. It’s a special dcosument that will lead me to the right places in the future. It’s not good to be labeled as a college dropout or high school dropout. I would rather be preferred to be labeled as a college graduate not drop out. Another reason why college is essential is not only leading you to a good job, but also it prepares you with academic knowledge about the around you. Most people are irerlate and don’t even know much about the world they live in due to the fact they didn’t finish high school or go to college. Most people excuse for not going to college is money. Yes that’s true but, there are so many resources out there to help you get into college if you’re willing to go. The way things are going now, the only way to make it through is by getting a college degree. Even with some simple jobs out there, you need some sort of degree in order to be hired. College degree is really essential for my future because I want to make a difference and help out my family in Ghana who didn’t have the same opportunity as me to go to college. Most teens out there take education for granted and don’t care much about it. In conclusion having a college degree is for your own benefit. It will lead you to many grate places in the career industry. Yes is a lot of money and work but it’s really worth it. I know that in four years from now I will be really happy that I went to college and didn’t play around with it. Nobody can ever take your education from you it’s your god given rights.

Seventeenth of October in Argentina Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Seventeenth of October in Argentina - Essay Example According to Foss (33), an earthquake damaged a greater part of San Juan’s city of Andrean. More than seven thousand individuals perished and more than twelve thousand others injured. Using his secretariat of labor & social welfare, Peron managed to organize a countrywide assistance for the victims and managed to resources through well-known leading celebrities. Eva Duarte was in the midst of them and helped to mobilize resources to help the needy.Lewis (485) also said, a great party at Luna Park held with the intention of helping the victims of earthquake on January 22. It is at the event that Eva Duarte and Colonel Peron began an association, publicly confirmed; at a social event at colon opera house on July 9, to make merry of the independence day of Argentina. A few days followed and General Farrell assumed presidency on March 11 when Ramirez resigned. At this point Peron became the vice-president as he retained his title of being the departmental head of the secretariat o f labor & social welfare coupled with the recent job he had got as the minister of war. According to Martinez (379), Peron had become a respectable individual in the new military government, although it was the most exasperating as far as the opposition was concerned. Eva’s existence and the position that Peron had given her presented another intention; this time his personal equals would make an attempt at it. If Peron was aggressive, the woman at his part even more aggressive.She had made her mind to stand besides her man and not behind him.

The Different Aspects of Reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Different Aspects of Reality - Essay Example Obviously, this is all fantasy as a falling star cannot be caught, and mandrake roots and mermaids are purely mythological. This fantastic imagery helps to reveal the imaginary and impossible theme of Donne’s poem. Nevertheless, such impossibility teaches the reader to be realistic and to realize that there is no perfect lover in the world. Although it is the fantasy that masks John Donne’s realism in â€Å"Song,† Frederick Nims’ â€Å"Love Poem† is downright honest in saying that perfect love does not exist and that if one loves another then one has to embrace all of his or her lover’s shortcomings. Nims uses the imagery of an unskilled and disorganized woman in revealing the reality of imperfections in relationships. In the first stanza, Nims describes his lover as his â€Å"†¦clumsiest dear, whose hands shipwreck vases† and someone â€Å"at whose quick touch all glasses chip and ring† (Nims 366). Such a woman, as depicte d by the imagery, is always making mistakes. She is also known as an â€Å"unpredictable dear, the taxi driver’s error† as well as a â€Å"Misfit in any space/ And never on time† (366). She is, therefore, lacks finesse and punctuality. Nevertheless, although she is â€Å"Forgetting [her] coffee spreading on [their] flannel,† the poet and she are â€Å"so gaily in love’s unbreakable heaven† (366). This means that no matter how careless and imperfect she is, the point is that they love each other so much. Love, therefore, can bloom despite the imperfection, and this is real love. One should, therefore, love his or her lover despite all his or her shortcomings. The imagery in the final stanza reveals a rather exaggerated form of acceptance of one’s lover: â€Å"Smash glasses/ I will study wry music for your sake† (366). This means that no matter how clumsy the lover is, as long as there is love, there is a necessity to wholehearte dly embrace all his or her imperfections. The exaggerated imagery of the last two lines then ultimately reveals that one’s happiness even depends on such an imperfection: â€Å"For should, your hands drop white and empty/ All the toys of the world would break† (366). This simply means one thing – without such lover’s hands, no matter how imperfect the labor that they produce is, nothing would be done at all, or without such an imperfect lover, there would be no happiness at all for the person who loves him or her. Although happiness is derived from imperfect reality, sometimes such reality is boring and one needs to make himself happy from his daydreams.  

Creative and media strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Creative and media strategy - Essay Example Each of the topics has been focused in the means of communication and data related to the media. Advertising is one of the effective means and the most desired action taken by the marketers to attract the customers. For an effective advertisement, creativity is very much essential, advertisements is all about creativity. Creativity also requires planning, the need to advertise, and the marketing and promotion objectives. Today the marketers are trying to capture the minds of the customers by creating an emotional appeal. The marketers are using the techniques of emotional appeal which have succeeded and customers have become more brand conscious. In the second part of the project report under the heading campaign development, an advertisement has been chosen from the Coca Cola company where the advertisements also tends to apply the technique of emotional appeal to attract the customers. Section A Section A deals with two topics one concerned with radio as a multi media opportunity a nd secondly on media-multiplier and simultaneous consumption of media. The brand which is chosen for radio is Pringles crisps. This section would deal with the opportunities that exist in connection with the radio and for a better understanding, one of the radio station of UK would be analysed. And in case of simultaneous use of media a term known as media stacking has been explained and it has been said that the simultaneous use of media has been proving to be an advantage for the people as well as for the marketers. Radio as a multi-media opportunity Pringles crisps are considering the use of radio for the next campaign. Pringles a brand of Procter and Gamble (Pringles, 2011) have decided to introduce radio as a means of communication in their new campaign in UK. For an effective media it is necessary to target the right audience and the right means of communication. It has been rightly said that novelty is the key to an effective advertising. Novelty in media, message, product, t arget segment and especially in the fields of creativity is more likely to increase the sale. Another factor that would lead to success is the emotional advertisements which are more likely to appeal more to the customers. Emotional appeal is the most effective means in advertising (Tellis, 2004, p.22-23). The form of communication chosen by Pringles is radio. Radio may seem to be the least glamorous of media but the reality is that radio has been an important part of the media and forms an integral part in the media plans. Radio has some of the unique features and because of its qualities the advertisers are investing about $7billion per year in radio advertising in order to reach the local and national audience (O'Guinn, et.al, 2011, p. 485). Therefore the opportunities lies with the radio station and its audience is wide and with the help of new digital aspect, the marketers are more widely using radio as means of communication. Pringles thus have adopted the new and most famous tools of media which is radio. There are different radio options available to an advertiser to reach its target audiences. The advertisers can choose from the categories such as syndication, networks, satellite, AM versus FM and through internet and mobile. The advertisers can choose from the options and communicate the message accordingly. In Syndication, the radio provides complete programs to stations on